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CartSwine GM-CSF (Yeast-derived Recombinant Protein) - 25 micrograms
Bulk quantities of proteins are available. Please contact us for bulk pricing.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a protein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, NK cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Granulocyte macrophage–colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is secreted in response to inflammatory stimuli such as LPS, IL-1, and TNF-α by a variety of different cells, including endothelium, fibroblasts, muscle cells, and macrophages, and by activated T cells. GM-CSF is glycosylated in its mature form.
Alternate Names - CSF2, GMCSF, colony stimulating factor 2, CSF
Homology Across Species
Sus scrofa (pig) GM-CSF – 100%
More - https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
A Nanoparticle-Poly(I:C) Combination Adjuvant Enhances the Breadth of the Immune Response to Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs.
Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Lu F, Ghimire S, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, Krakowka S, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 May 18;8(2):E229. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8020229.
Applications: IL-4 and GM-CSF were used to generate dendritic cells from porcine monocytes in culture.
Abstract
Intranasal vaccination elicits secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies in the airways, which is required for cross-protection against influenza. To enhance the breadth of immunity induced by a killed swine influenza virus antigen (KAg) or conserved T cell and B cell peptides, we adsorbed the antigens together with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) electrostatically onto cationic alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles (Nano-11) resulting in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) and Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C) vaccines. In vitro, increased TNF-α and IL-1ß cytokine mRNA expression was observed in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C)-treated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C), but not Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C), delivered intranasally in pigs induced high levels of cross-reactive virus-specific SIgA antibodies secretion in the nasal passage and lungs compared to a multivalent commercial influenza virus vaccine administered intramuscularly. The commercial and Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccinations increased the frequency of IFNγ secreting T cells. The poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11-based vaccines increased various cytokine mRNA expressions in lymph nodes compared to the commercial vaccine. In addition, Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccine elicited high levels of virus neutralizing antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic lung lesions and challenge virus load were partially reduced in poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11 and commercial influenza vaccinates. In conclusion, compared to our earlier study with Nano-11-KAg vaccine, addition of poly(I:C) to the formulation improved cross-protective antibody and cytokine response.
Generation of human endothelium in pig embryos deficient in ETV2.
Das S, Koyano-Nakagawa N, Gafni O, Maeng G, Singh BN, Rasmussen T, Pan X, Choi KD, Mickelson D, Gong W, Pota P, Weaver CV, Kren S, Hanna JH, Yannopoulos D, Garry MG, Garry DJ.
Nat Biotechnol. 2020 Mar;38(3):297-302. doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0373-y. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
Applications: The proteins were used in a hematopoietic assay which used cells from embryoid bodies.
Abstract
The scarcity of donor organs may be addressed in the future by using pigs to grow humanized organs with lower potential for immunological rejection after transplantation in humans. Previous studies have demonstrated that interspecies complementation of rodent blastocysts lacking a developmental regulatory gene can generate xenogeneic pancreas and kidney1,2. However, such organs contain host endothelium, a source of immune rejection. We used gene editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer to engineer porcine embryos deficient in ETV2, a master regulator of hematoendothelial lineages3-7. ETV2-null pig embryos lacked hematoendothelial lineages and were embryonic lethal. Blastocyst complementation with wild-type porcine blastomeres generated viable chimeric embryos whose hematoendothelial cells were entirely donor-derived. ETV2-null blastocysts were injected with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) or hiPSCs overexpressing the antiapoptotic factor BCL2, transferred to synchronized gilts and analyzed between embryonic day 17 and embryonic day 18. In these embryos, all endothelial cells were of human origin.
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